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KMID : 0606019970030010069
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Soonchunhyang Journal of Industrial Medicine
1997 Volume.3 No. 1 p.69 ~ p.82
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A Study on the Needlestick Injuries in Hospital Personnel
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Whang Hee-Ja
Kim Yong Bae
Lee Byung-Kook
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Abstract
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Needlestick injuries have been a recognized problem in hospitals for many years.
In order to identify the needlestick injury rate among hospital personnel and to obtain basic information for the prevention of it, author investigated 330 hospital personnel who were working in two general hospital located in Chunan. The job category of hospital personnel were medical doctor, registered nurse, assistant nurse and clinical pathology technician. 174 study subjects were came from A hospital and 156 study subject were came from B hospital.
Structured questionnaire were provided to get the information about needlestick injury rate over 1 year period and related information such as cause of injuries, the situation of surrounding environment at the injuries, the condition of proper treatment, existence of proper reporting action and proper action for treatment, and disposal method of accident needle. The questionnaire also checked what was the possible suspected disease due to needlestick injuries and what is most desirable item of preventive program for the prevention of accidental needlestick injuries.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. A total of 282 medical personnel(85.5%) reported needlestick injuries during study period. Annual needlestick injury rate of study population (330 medical personnel) was 3.9/person/year. There was no difference of percent of needlestick injuries and annual injury rate between two general hospital.
2. The highest needlestick injury rate was observed in nurses(87.6%) among 4 job category and followed by medical doctors(83.1%), assistant nurses(80.8%) and clinical pathology technician (75%).
3. While most frequent needlestick injuries were occurred in the year of internship and 1st resident training period in medical doctor group, those in registered nursing group were occurred in intensive care unit, and followed by emergency room and operation room, respectively.
4. While the disposable needle was most frequent cause of injuries(78.8%) and carelessness was major cause of injuries. The most common situation for needlestick injuries was reported as the application of venous blood injection (26.0%).
5. Only 2% and 9% of needlestick injuries in A and B hospital reported their injuries to the hospital official, whereas 85.2 % and 87.2% of injured made immediate cleaning of affected area. But less than 3.4% and 4.5% of injured brought their injuries to medical attention such as laboratory test for suspected disease and treatment.
6. Hepatitis was most worried disease after needlestick injuries in both hospital (A:75.8% , B:77.4%) and the most needed type of preventive measure for the safety and prevention of future needlestick injury was different among job category. While the highest percent of needed preventive measure was written protocol for the preventive measure in medical doctor(60.0%) and registered nursing group (58.3%), it was regular education and actual demonstration at the site in assistant nursing group(79.8%).
With above results, more effort is needed to prevent unwanted needlestick injuries in hospital setting with proper reporting system of injuries, dissemination of proper information about possible accident in various situation and development of on-going monitoring system to analyse cause of injuries and proper action to avoid the unwanted sequelae from injuries.
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